FLOOD VULNERABILITYAND ITS EFFECTIN NMIATA- ANAM, ANAMBRA WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA

SOURCE:

Faculty: Environmental Sciences
Department: Environmental Management

CONTRIBUTORS:

Duluora, J. O.
Uchegbu, S. U

ABSTRACT:

Sequel to the incessant and increased incidence of flooding, accompanied by the loss of valuables, increase in transportation fare, damage to property, loss of lives and increase in the incidence of diseases in some parts of Anambra State, a survey was carried out in the Anambra West to find out the effects of Flood Vulnerability And Its Effect In Nmiata- Anam, Anambra West Local Government Area of Anambra State (Nigeria). With the aid of a structured questionnaire, three hundred and ninety respondents were randomly sampled using a simple random sampling technique in 2016. The generated data were analyzed using correlation, regression, Factor analysis and principal component analysis. Satellite image of the study area was equally obtained and analyzed using the ArcGIS 10.1 geo-processing and spatial analyst tools. The result of the survey showed that the study area experiences flood every year, there is no existing flood early warning system/ equipment in the area, there has not been any education on the workability of early warning equipment and the area does not have a flood map. A trend analysis of flood occurrence and malaria incidence revealed that the malaria is on the increase. Likewise, the trend analysis of flood occurrence and salmonellosis equally showed an increase in the incidence but that of malaria is more. A regression of damage and flood incidence showed that an increase in flood will result in a proportionate increase in damage of properties. A regression of flood occurrence and socio-economic values revealed a strong positive relationship. Also a regression of flood occurrence and environmental pollution equally revealed a positive relationship. A product moment correlation of flood occurrence and public health showed that flood has a significant effect on public health. This is supported by the trend analysis. Equally the product moment correlation of flood occurrence and agricultural loose also revealed that flood has a positive effect on agricultural loss. The analysis of the satellite image reveals that most part of the studyarea always have water flowing into/to the area after every rain or during flood occurrence, that virtually every part of the study area experiences in flow of water leading in the accumulation of water in these areas, that NmiataAnam fall within the area that experiences the highest degree of over flow, that the area has a slope of between 0-6 degrees and that the area falls within the high vulnerability area within the L.G.A.The work suggests that Government should use the flood vulnerability map to determine the best areas to relocate the inhabitants of the area during flooding. Early warning systems and equipment should be provided inthe study area and the inhabitants of the study area should be educated on its workability.